Preparation and Synergy of Supported Ru0 and Pd0 for Rapid Chlorate Reduction at pH 7

Authors

Jinyu Gao
Shaohua Xie
Fudong Liu
Jinyong Liu

Publication Date

3-7-2023

Journal

Environmental Science & Technology

Abstract

Chlorate (ClO3–) is a common water pollutant due to its gigantic scale of production, wide applications in agriculture and industry, and formation as a toxic byproduct in various water treatment processes. This work reports on the facile preparation, mechanistic elucidation, and kinetic evaluation of a bimetallic catalyst for highly active ClO3– reduction into Cl–. Under 1 atm H2 and 20 °C, PdII and RuIII were sequentially adsorbed and reduced on a powdered activated carbon support, affording Ru0–Pd0/C from scratch within only 20 min. The Pd0 particles significantly accelerated the reductive immobilization of RuIII as >55% dispersed Ru0 outside Pd0. At pH 7, Ru–Pd/C shows a substantially higher activity of ClO3– reduction (initial turnover frequency >13.9 min–1 on Ru0; rate constant at 4050 L h–1 gmetal–1) than reported catalysts (e.g., Rh/C, Ir/C, Mo–Pd/C) and the monometallic Ru/C. In particular, Ru–Pd/C accomplished the reduction of concentrated 100 mM ClO3– (turnover number > 11,970), whereas Ru/C was quickly deactivated. In the bimetallic synergy, Ru0 rapidly reduces ClO3– while Pd0 scavenges the Ru-passivating ClO2– and restores Ru0. This work demonstrates a simple and effective design for heterogeneous catalysts tailored for emerging water treatment needs.

Keywords

Palladium, Chlorates, Oxidation-Reduction, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration

Comments

Supplementary Materials

PMID: 36808945