Mechanistic Insights Into Metabolic Function of Dynamin-Related Protein 1

Authors

Xin Li
Katherine Pham
Jazmin Ysaguirre
Iqbal Mahmud
Lin Tan
Bo Wei
Long J Shao
Maryam Elizondo
Rabie Habib
Fathima Elizondo
Hiromi Sesaki
Philip L Lorenzi
Kai Sun

Publication Date

9-1-2024

Journal

Journal of Lipid Research

Abstract

Dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) plays crucial roles in mitochondrial and peroxisome fission. However, the mechanisms underlying the functional regulation of DRP1 in adipose tissue during obesity remain unclear. To elucidate the metabolic and pathological significance of diminished DRP1 in obese adipose tissue, we utilized adipose tissue-specific DRP1 KO mice challenged with a high-fat diet. We observed significant metabolic dysregulations in the KO mice. Mechanistically, DRP1 exerts multifaceted functions in mitochondrial dynamics and endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-lipid droplet crosstalk in normal mice. Loss of function of DRP1 resulted in abnormally giant mitochondrial shapes, distorted mitochondrial membrane structure, and disrupted cristae architecture. Meanwhile, DRP1 deficiency induced the retention of nascent lipid droplets in ER, leading to perturbed overall lipid dynamics in the KO mice. Collectively, dysregulation of the dynamics of mitochondria, ER, and lipid droplets contributes to whole-body metabolic disorders, as evidenced by perturbations in energy metabolites. Our findings demonstrate that DRP1 plays diverse and critical roles in regulating energy metabolism within adipose tissue during the progression of obesity.

Keywords

Animals, Male, Mice, Adipose Tissue, Diet, High-Fat, Dynamins, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Lipid Droplets, Mice, Knockout, Mitochondria, Mitochondrial Dynamics, Obesity, lipids, dyslipidemias, lipid droplets, obesity, mitochondria, nutrition

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Associated Data

PMID: 39182608