Faculty, Staff and Student Publications
Publication Date
3-1-2024
Journal
British Journal of Cancer
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Multiple antigens, autoantibodies (AAb), and antigen-autoantibody (Ag-AAb) complexes were compared for their ability to complement CA125 for early detection of ovarian cancer.
METHODS: Twenty six biomarkers were measured in a single panel of sera from women with early stage (I-II) ovarian cancers (n = 64), late stage (III-IV) ovarian cancers (186), benign pelvic masses (200) and from healthy controls (502), and then split randomly (50:50) into a training set to identify the most promising classifier and a validation set to compare its performance to CA125 alone.
RESULTS: Eight biomarkers detected ≥ 8% of early stage cases at 98% specificity. A four-biomarker panel including CA125, HE4, HE4 Ag-AAb and osteopontin detected 75% of early stage cancers in the validation set from among healthy controls compared to 62% with CA125 alone (p = 0.003) at 98% specificity. The same panel increased sensitivity for distinguishing early-stage ovarian cancers from benign pelvic masses by 25% (p = 0.0004) at 95% specificity. From 21 autoantibody candidates, 3 AAb (anti-p53, anti-CTAG1 and annt-Il-8) detected 22% of early stage ovarian cancers, potentially lengthening lead time prior to diagnosis.
CONCLUSION: A four biomarker panel achieved greater sensitivity at the same specificity for early detection of ovarian cancer than CA125 alone.
Keywords
Female, Humans, Sensitivity and Specificity, Autoantibodies, ROC Curve, CA-125 Antigen, Biomarkers, Tumor, Ovarian Neoplasms
DOI
10.1038/s41416-023-02560-z
PMID
38195887
PMCID
PMC10912308
PubMedCentral® Posted Date
January 2024
PubMedCentral® Full Text Version
Post-print
Published Open-Access
yes
Included in
Bioinformatics Commons, Biomedical Informatics Commons, Medical Sciences Commons, Oncology Commons
Comments
Supplementary Material
PMID: 38195887