Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Publication Date

8-1-2025

Journal

Nature Medicine

DOI

10.1038/s41591-025-03732-5

PMID

40437272

PMCID

PMC12353874

PubMedCentral® Posted Date

5-28-2025

PubMedCentral® Full Text Version

Post-print

Abstract

Molecular determinants of KRAS(G12C)inhibitor efficacy in KRASG12C-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain poorly characterized. Here we report one of the largest integrated analyses to date of sotorasib clinical efficacy biomarkers from the phase 2 CodeBreaK 100 and phase 3 CodeBreaK 200 studies. We reveal differential sotorasib activity and relative benefit compared to docetaxel across KRASG12C-mutated NSCLC co-mutational subsets and transcriptional subtypes. We also identify low expression of TTF1 and KEAP1 co-mutations/NRF2 activation as major determinants of sotorasib anti-tumor efficacy and adverse prognostic features. Exploratory analyses highlight potential tumor cell-extrinsic contributors to sotorasib anti-tumor activity and suggest that early on-treatment clearance of KRASG12C- circulating tumor DNA may refine clinical response prediction algorithms. Our findings advance precision medicine for patients with KRASG12C-mutated NSCLC and establish a framework for patient stratification and selection for treatment intensification with rationally applied therapeutic combinations.

Keywords

Predictive markers, Prognostic markers, Non-small-cell lung cancer

Published Open-Access

yes

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