Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Language

English

Publication Date

9-1-2024

Journal

Clinical Lymphoma, Myeloma & Leukemia

DOI

10.1016/j.clml.2024.04.007

PMID

38777652

PMCID

PMC11849264

PubMedCentral® Posted Date

9-1-2025

PubMedCentral® Full Text Version

Author MSS

Abstract

Background: Lenalidomide is an immunomodulatory therapy used to treat multiple hematologic malignancies. The incidence of eosinophilia and hypereosinophilia during lenalidomide therapy, and the requirement for high-dose steroids are not well-defined PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 44 patients with myelodysplastic syndromes who were treated with lenalidomide therapy from August 2006 and March 2023.

Results: Eosinophilia (0.5-1.5 × 109/L) and hypereosinophilia (>1.5 × 109/L) were observed in 6 patients (14%) and 4 patients (9%), respectively. The median duration of lenalidomide therapy was 6.5 months. Backward multivariate ordinary logistic regression identified higher absolute eosinophil count (OR, 4759.986; 95% CI, 11.223-2018772.073; P = .006) and longer duration of lenalidomide therapy (OR, 1.148; 95% CI, 1.012-1.302; P = .032) as independent prognostic factors for the incidence of eosinophilia and hypereosinophilia. There was a trend for a higher use of high-dose steroids with hypereosinophilia. The median time to develop the first occurrence hypereosinophilia was 0.5 months. Steroids were used in 40% of patients with eosinophilia or hypereosinophilia. All events resolved with discontinuation of lenalidomide and/or use of steroids. No long-tern lasting adverse effects were recorded.

Conclusion: Lenalidomide may induce or worsen existing eosinophilia which may lead to the need for steroids within a month of therapy.

Keywords

Humans, Lenalidomide, Myelodysplastic Syndromes, Male, Female, Aged, Eosinophilia, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Aged, 80 and over, Adult, myelodysplastic syndromes, lenalidomide, eosinophilia

Published Open-Access

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