Cost of Ovarian Cancer by the Phase of Care in the United States

Authors

Naomi N Adjei
Allen M Haas
Charlotte C Sun
Hui Zhao
Paul G Yeh
Sharon H Giordano
Iakovos Toumazis
Larissa A Meyer

Language

English

Publication Date

2-1-2025

Journal

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology

DOI

10.1016/j.ajog.2024.08.023

PMID

39159781

PMCID

PMC12014244

PubMedCentral® Posted Date

2-1-2026

PubMedCentral® Full Text Version

Author MSS

Abstract

Background: Ovarian cancer is associated with delayed diagnosis and poor survival; thus, interest is high in identifying predictive and prognostic biomarkers and novel therapeutic agents. Although the costs of ovarian cancer care are likely to increase as newer, more effective, but more expensive treatment regimens become available, information on the current costs of care for ovarian cancer-across the care continuum from diagnosis to the end of life-are lacking.

Objective: This study aimed to estimate real-world mean and median costs of ovarian cancer care within the first 5 years after diagnosis by patients' phase of care, age, race/ethnicity, and geographic region.

Study design: We performed a retrospective cohort study of ovarian cancer patients diagnosed between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2020. We used claims data from Optum's deidentified Clinformatics Data Mart database, which includes inpatient, outpatient, and prescription claims for commercial insurance and Medicare beneficiaries nationwide. Cost of ovarian cancer care were calculated for the start of care (ie, the first 6 months), continuing care (ie, period between the initial and end-of-life care), and end-of-life care (ie, the last 6 months) phases and reported in 2021 U.S. dollar amounts. Ovarian cancer care costs were stratified by age, race/ethnicity, and geographic region. Due to the skewed nature of cost data, the mean cost data were log-transformed for modeling. Ordinary least-squares regression was conducted on the log costs, adjusting for patient categorical age, race/ethnicity, and geographic region.

Results: A total of 7913 patients were included in the analysis. The mean cost per year for ovarian cancer care was >$200,000 during the start of care, between $26,000 and $88,000 during the continuing care phase, and >$129,000 during the end-of-life care phase. There were statistically significant associations between age and costs during each phase of care. Compared to younger patients, older patients incurred higher costs during the continuing care phase and lower costs during the end-of-life care phase. Geographic differences in the costs of ovarian cancer care were also noted regardless of the phase of care. There were no associations between cost and race/ethnicity in our cohort.

Conclusion: Ovarian cancer care costs are substantial and vary by the phase of care, age category, and geographic region. As more effective but expensive treatment options for ovarian cancer become available with potential survival benefit, sustainable interventions to reduce the cost of care for ovarian cancer will be needed throughout the cancer care continuum.

Keywords

Humans, Female, Ovarian Neoplasms, United States, Retrospective Studies, Aged, Middle Aged, Health Care Costs, Terminal Care, Aged, 80 and over, Adult, ovarian cancer, cost of care, commercial insurance, Medicare

Published Open-Access

yes

Recommended Citation

Adjei, Naomi N; Haas, Allen M; Sun, Charlotte C; et al., "Cost of Ovarian Cancer by the Phase of Care in the United States" (2025). Faculty, Staff and Student Publications. 5757.
https://digitalcommons.library.tmc.edu/uthgsbs_docs/5757