Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Language

English

Publication Date

4-21-2026

Journal

Journal of the American Heart Association

DOI

10.1161/JAHA.125.045302

PMID

41960759

PMCID

PMC13279066

PubMedCentral® Posted Date

4-10-2026

PubMedCentral® Full Text Version

Post-print

Abstract

Background: Individuals with access to healthy food have healthier diets, improved cardiometabolic risk profiles, and decreased cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, previous studies have focused on the neighborhood food environment as distance to and density of food retailers. Our study examines the association between an individual's perceived adequacy of neighborhood food shopping and incident CVD.

Methods: We analyzed data from 6814 participants in the MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis), a prospective cohort study of individuals aged 45 to 84 who were enrolled in the study between 2000 and 2002 and followed longitudinally. Cox proportional hazards models estimated hazard ratios (HRs) for incident CVD, adjusting for sociodemographic, behavioral, and cardiovascular risk factor covariates.

Results: Approximately 20% of participants reported inadequate neighborhood food shopping, with higher prevalence among Black and Hispanic participants, lower income, or educational level of high school or less. In fully adjusted models, perceived inadequate neighborhood food shopping was associated with a 21% increased risk of incident CVD (HR, 1.21 [95% CI, 1.04-1.41]; P=0.013). The CVD incidence rate per 100 person-years was higher in the inadequate neighborhood food shopping group (1.39 versus 1.19).

Conclusions: In this large, diverse, prospective cohort study, the perceived inadequacy of neighborhood food shopping was associated with a significantly higher risk of incident CVD. These findings add to growing evidence that the neighborhood food environment plays a critical role in shaping cardiovascular health. Future research should evaluate the impact of neighborhood-level interventions and policies on cardiovascular outcomes.

Keywords

Humans, Male, Female, Aged, Prospective Studies, Middle Aged, United States, Cardiovascular Diseases, Neighborhood Characteristics, Aged, 80 and over, Incidence, Atherosclerosis, Food Supply, Risk Factors, Residence Characteristics, Socioeconomic Disparities in Health, Risk Assessment, Diet, Healthy, Heart Disease Risk Factors, Social Determinants of Health, cardiovascular disease, food access, health disparities, neighborhood food environment, social determinants of health

Published Open-Access

yes

Included in

Public Health Commons

Share

COinS
 
 

To view the content in your browser, please download Adobe Reader or, alternately,
you may Download the file to your hard drive.

NOTE: The latest versions of Adobe Reader do not support viewing PDF files within Firefox on Mac OS and if you are using a modern (Intel) Mac, there is no official plugin for viewing PDF files within the browser window.