Language
English
Publication Date
11-28-2024
Journal
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
DOI
10.3390/ijms252312823
PMID
39684535
PMCID
PMC11641342
PubMedCentral® Posted Date
11-28-2024
PubMedCentral® Full Text Version
Post-print
Abstract
Originally discovered in the 1890s, the complement system has traditionally been viewed as a "compliment" to the body's innate and adaptive immune response. However, emerging data have shown that the complement system is a much more complex mechanism within the body involved in regulating inflammation, gene transcription, attraction of macrophages, and many more processes. Sustained complement activation contributes to autoimmunity and chronic inflammation. Pulmonary hypertension is a disease with a poor prognosis and an average life expectancy of 2-3 years that leads to vascular remodeling of the pulmonary arteries; the pulmonary arteries are essential to host homeostasis, as they divert deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs for gas exchange. This review focuses on direct links between the complement system's involvement in pulmonary hypertension, along with autoimmune conditions, and the reliance on the complement system for vascular remodeling processes of the pulmonary artery. Furthermore, circadian rhythmicity is highlighted as the disrupted homeostatic mechanism in the inflammatory consequences in the vascular remodeling within the pulmonary arteries, which could potentially open new therapeutic cues. The current treatment options for pulmonary hypertension are discussed with clinical trials using complement inhibitors and potential therapeutic targets that impact immune cell functions and complement activation, which could alleviate symptoms and block the progression of the disease. Further research on complement's involvement in interstitial lung diseases and pulmonary hypertension could prove beneficial for our understanding of these various diseases and potential treatment options to prevent vascular remodeling of the pulmonary arteries.
Keywords
Humans, Circadian Rhythm, Hypertension, Pulmonary, Animals, Complement System Proteins, Complement Activation, Vascular Remodeling, Pulmonary Artery, complement immune system, pulmonary arterial hypertension, group classification in pulmonary hypertension, clinical studies on pulmonary hypertension with complement intervention, autoimmune diseases, circadian dysregulation
Published Open-Access
yes
Recommended Citation
DeVaughn, Hunter; Rich, Haydn E; Shadid, Anthony; et al., "Complement Immune System in Pulmonary Hypertension-Cooperating Roles of Circadian Rhythmicity in Complement-Mediated Vascular Pathology" (2024). The Brown Foundation: Institute of Molecular Medicine. 134.
https://digitalcommons.library.tmc.edu/molecular_med/134