An Untrained Deep Learning Method for Reconstructing Dynamic Mr Images From Accelerated Model-Based Data

Authors

Kalina P Slavkova
Julie C DiCarlo
Viraj Wadhwa
Sidharth Kumar
Chengyue Wu
John Virostko
Thomas E Yankeelov
Jonathan I Tamir

Publication Date

4-1-2023

Journal

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Abstract

PURPOSE: To implement physics-based regularization as a stopping condition in tuning an untrained deep neural network for reconstructing MR images from accelerated data.

METHODS: The ConvDecoder (CD) neural network was trained with a physics-based regularization term incorporating the spoiled gradient echo equation that describes variable-flip angle data. Fully-sampled variable-flip angle k-space data were retrospectively accelerated by factors of R = {8, 12, 18, 36} and reconstructed with CD, CD with the proposed regularization (CD + r), locally low-rank (LR) reconstruction, and compressed sensing with L1-wavelet regularization (L1). Final images from CD + r training were evaluated at the "argmin" of the regularization loss; whereas the CD, LR, and L1 reconstructions were chosen optimally based on ground truth data. The performance measures used were the normalized RMS error, the concordance correlation coefficient, and the structural similarity index.

RESULTS: The CD + r reconstructions, chosen using the stopping condition, yielded structural similarity indexs that were similar to the CD (p = 0.47) and LR structural similarity indexs (p = 0.95) across R and that were significantly higher than the L1 structural similarity indexs (p = 0.04). The concordance correlation coefficient values for the CD + r T

CONCLUSION: The use of an untrained neural network together with a physics-based regularization loss shows promise as a measure for determining the optimal stopping point in training without relying on fully-sampled ground truth data.

Keywords

Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Deep Learning, Retrospective Studies, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Neural Networks, Computer, image reconstruction, inverse problem, quantitative MRI, physics-guided deep learning

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Associated Data

PMID: 36468624