Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Publication Date

6-1-2025

Journal

Radiotherapy & Oncology

DOI

10.1016/j.radonc.2025.110890

PMID

40222595

PMCID

PMC12085279

PubMedCentral® Posted Date

6-1-2025

PubMedCentral® Full Text Version

Author MSS

Abstract

Background: Existing studies on osteoradionecrosis of the jaw (ORNJ) have primarily used cross-sectional data, assessing risk factors at a single time point. Determining the time-to-event profile of ORNJ has important implications to monitor oral health in head and neck cancer (HNC) long-term survivors.

Methods: Data were retrospectively obtained for a clinical observational cohort of 1129 patients (198 ORNJ cases) with HNC treated with radiotherapy (RT) at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. A Weibull Accelerated Failure Time model was trained on previously identified dosimetric, clinical and demographic predictors. External validation was performed using an independent cohort of 265 patients (92 ORNJ cases) treated at Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospitals. To facilitate clinical implementation of the model, an online graphical user interface (GUI) was developed, including formal stakeholder usability testing.

Results: Our model identified that gender (males), pre-RT dental extractions and D25% were associated with a 38 %, 27 % and 12 % faster onset of ORNJ, respectively, with adjusted time ratios of 0.62 (p = 0.11), 0.73 (p = 0.13) and 0.88 (p < 0.005). The model demonstrated strong internal calibration (integrated Brier score of 0.133, D-calibration p-value 0.998) and optimal discrimination at 72 months (Harrell's C-index of 0.72).

Conclusion: This study is the first to demonstrate a direct relationship between radiation dose and the time to ORNJ onset, providing a novel characterization of the impact of delivered dose and patient-related factors not only on the probability of a late effect (ORNJ), but the conditional risk during survivorship.

Keywords

Humans, Osteoradionecrosis, Male, Female, Head and Neck Neoplasms, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Aged, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors, Time Factors, Adult, Decision support tool, Head and neck cancers, Normal tissue complication prediction, Osteoradionecrosis of the jaw, Radiation-induced toxicity, Radiotherapy, Time-to-event prediction models

Published Open-Access

yes

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