Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Language

English

Publication Date

1-1-2025

Journal

Frontiers in Public Health

DOI

10.3389/fpubh.2025.1702599

PMID

41487644

PMCID

PMC12756410

PubMedCentral® Posted Date

12-18-2025

PubMedCentral® Full Text Version

Post-print

Abstract

Introduction: At the end of 2022, an outbreak of the Omicron BF.7 and BA.5.2 subvariants of SARS-CoV-2 occurred in China. In this prospective cohort study, we investigated the pattern of development of major symptom burden and influencing factors in infected Chinese patients.

Methods: First-time infected outpatients were enrolled from December 7, 2022, to January 11, 2023 (N = 355). The prevalence of symptoms was monitored by a repeated patient-reported quantitative symptom survey over nine months.

Results: At the onset of the infection, the most prevalent symptoms (score ≥1 on a 0-10 numeric rating scale) were fatigue (91.8%), cough (91.8%), and sore throat (91.5%) among 33 symptoms monitored. Patients with higher scores for symptom Cluster II (lack of appetite, disturbed sleep, shivering, drowsiness, sweating, nausea, depression, and anxiety) and symptom cluster V (fatigue, sore throat, dry mouth, and dizziness) reported poorer quality of life than other patients during the first month after enrolment. The most severe symptoms (score≥7) lasted during 3-9 months were depression (5.2%), fatigue (4.8%), anxiety (4.8%), runny nose (4.3%), muscle or joint pain (3.3%), nasal congestion (3.0%), disturbed sleep(2.6%). Younger age, female sex, and body mass index of at least 24 kg/m2 predicted more severe baseline symptoms and slower resolution (all p < 0.01).

Conclusion: This cohort study identified patterns and characteristics of symptom evolution in outpatients at 9 months post-COVID-19 diagnosis and provides targets for long-term care.

Keywords

Humans, Female, Male, China, COVID-19, Adult, Prospective Studies, Middle Aged, SARS-CoV-2, Fatigue, Quality of Life, Disease Outbreaks, Young Adult, Prevalence, Outpatients, Symptom Burden, COVID-19, long-term symptom burden, patient-reported outcome, symptom clusters, influencing factors

Published Open-Access

yes

Share

COinS
 
 

To view the content in your browser, please download Adobe Reader or, alternately,
you may Download the file to your hard drive.

NOTE: The latest versions of Adobe Reader do not support viewing PDF files within Firefox on Mac OS and if you are using a modern (Intel) Mac, there is no official plugin for viewing PDF files within the browser window.